The value-based care model is a way of paying for healthcare that rewards doctors and hospitals for keeping patients healthy, not for how many treatments or visits they provide. Payments may be set per patient, grouped together for all care in one treatment, or tied to the quality and results of the care.

Traditional medicine refers to health practices developed outside the framework of modern scientific medicine, such as Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Ayurveda in India, or Jamu in Indonesia. 

There are two main ways of understanding mental health. The medical approach focuses on "objective" causes, such as brain chemistry, genetics, and biological risks. The humanistic approach, on the other hand, looks at "subjective" influences, like family, friendships, social pressures, and economic challenges. 

The value-based care model is a way of paying for healthcare that rewards doctors and hospitals for keeping patients healthy, not for how many treatments or visits they provide. Payments may be set per patient, grouped together for all care in one treatment, or tied to the quality and results of the care.

“Lying flat” is a social movement that started in China around 2021. It is a quiet protest by young people against exhausting work culture. With high living costs and strict social pressures, many choose to step back from goals like climbing the career ladder, buying a house, or starting a family. Instead, they live simply, focusing on rest, freedom, and personal well-being.

An Advance Care Directive (ACD) is a written plan made by someone when they are still healthy enough to make decisions. It explains what kind of medical care they want if, in the future, they become too sick or unable to decide for themselves. Doctors must respect and follow this plan, even if they personally think a different treatment would be better.

A non-marriage / non-pregnancy contract is an agreement between an employer and an employee in which the employee promises not to get married or become pregnant during the period of employment.

Anti-aging technology means new science and medical treatments that try to slow down, stop, or even reverse aging. This can include methods to prevent age-related illnesses, improve skin health, and help people live longer, healthier lives